Collard Seeds - Georgia Southern

Minimum Seeds per Packet: 250

Packet Weight: 2g

Planting Season: Spring or Fall

Sowing Method: Direct Seed or Transplant

Seed Depth: 1/4"

Direct Seed Spacing: 1-2"

Soil Temperature: 40-85 ℉

Days to Sprout: 5-17

Mature Spacing: 8-12"

Sun Requirement: Full Sun

Frost Tolerance: Frost Tolerant

Days to Harvest: 70

When to Seed Collards

Collards are a cool-weather crop that can be planted in spring or fall. Start collards up to ten weeks ahead of your last frost date. Collards can be transplanted outdoors as early as four to six weeks ahead of your last frost date. For a fall harvest, direct seed collards into your garden up to three months before your first frost. This cold-hardy crop will germinate in soil temperatures as low as 40 degrees Fahrenheit. 

Where to Plant Collards

Whether seeding or transplanting into the garden, choose a location with full sun. Prepare your soil ahead of time by mixing compost and organic matter into the planting area. 

Growing Collards

Plant seeds ¼ inch deep and, if direct seeding, one to two inches apart. These seedlings can be thinned, or transplanted, to their mature planting distance of eight to 12 inches apart. 

Harvesting Collards

Collards will begin to reach full size in about 60 days. Pick a few leaves from the base of each plant, leaving at least two full-sized leaves at the top so that the plant can have plenty of energy to keep growing. Frost-nipped fall collards are widely considered to be the best since the cold weather makes them taste sweeter, but spring-harvested collards are tasty too!

Kale and collards (Brassica oleracea, Brassica napus, or Brassica carinata) are insect-pollinated biennials. In order to save true seed, they should be isolated from any other B. oleracea crops in flower at the same time by at least one-half mile. To trigger flowering, they require a cold period (called vernalization) followed by warmer weather. Different varieties have varying vernalization requirements, but most require 8 to 10 weeks at temperatures below 50 degrees, meaning you will likely need to overwinter a crop to produce seed. Ethiopian kale (Brassica carinata) is a notable exception, as it commonly bolts in hot weather after a typical spring planting. Growers in most locations can successfully overwinter kale and collards outdoors, since these hardy plants can typically survive temperatures down to 10 degrees Fahrenheit. As the plants flower in spring, they may require staking to prevent the flower stalks from falling over. Harvest the seeds by cutting whole plants once two-thirds of the seed pods have turned brown. Bring the stalks indoors to finish drying on a tarp, to catch seeds that are released from the pods as they dry. Once the stalks and pods are totally dry, thresh the rest of the seeds out by crushing the stalks underfoot on a tarp, or hitting the stalks against the inside of a clean trash can. Winnow out the chaff by pouring seed and chaff from one container into another in front of a box fan on a low setting. Store your clean seeds in a cool, dark, and dry location.